| Spread | Primary Site/Mets |
| Regional Spread | Direct extension to bladder or rectum; invasion of seminal vesicles. |
| Lymphatic Spread | Distant lymph nodes include cervical, scalene, supraclavicular (Virchow's or sentinel node in left supraclavicular region), common iliac, inguinal, and aortic (para-aortic, peri-arotic, lumbar) chains. |
| Hematogenous Spread | Bone (osteoblastic lesions), liver, kidneys, adrenal glands, and occasionally lung and brain. |
Key words/possible involvement: terms which indicate possible involvement by tumor. Common terms are provided, but the list is not all-inclusive.
Other words/no involvement: other terms seen in reports which indicate an abnormality but do not indicate a neoplastic process. Common terms are provided, but the list is not all-inclusive.
Key information: information to look for in the report of the study. Key information helps define the extent of disease.