There are a variety of diagnostic procedures which involve the direct viewing, feeling, hearing, and smelling of the body. In many instances, special instruments have been devised to directly view the interior of the body. In this segment of instruction, we will discuss gross (as opposed to microscopic) direct examination procedures. Most of the instructional and practical exercise material will be related to endoscopic procedures.

Subsection Topics

• Endoscopic Exam
• Proctoscopy, Sigmoidoscopy, and Colonoscopy
• Bronchoscopy
• Cystoscopy
• Gastroscopy
• Practical Examples
• Other "oscopies"